Kawanishi, Japan, Nov. 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Iindaba zebhoduluko ezifana nokutjhuguluka kobujamo bezulu, ukuphela kwemithombo yemvelo, ukutjhabalala kwemihlobo yeenlwana, ukusilaphazeka kweplastiki nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kuyathuthuka ephasini loke ngebanga lokukhula kwabantu.
I-Carbon dioxide (CO2) yirhasi ye-greenhouse begodu ngenye yezinto ezibangela ukutjhuguluka kobujamo bezulu. Malungana nalokhu, ikambiso eyaziwa ngokuthi "ukukhiqiza ukukhanya okufakelwako (ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwe-CO2)" ingakhiqiza ukudla okuphilako kwamafutha namakhemikhali avela ku-CO2, amanzi namandla welanga, njengombana kwenza iintjalo. Ngesikhathi esifanako, ziphinde zinciphise ukukhutjhwa kwe-CO2, ngombana i-CO2 isetjenziswa njengesisetjenziswa sokukhiqiza amandla namakhemikhali. Ngalokho-ke, i-photosynthesis yokufakelwa ithathwa njengenye yethekhnoloji yakamuva eluhlaza.
Ama-MOF (ama-Metal Organic Frameworks) zizinto ezinama-ultraporous ezakhiwe ziinqhema zeensimbi ezingaphiliko kanye nama-linker we-organic. Zingalawulwa ezingeni lamamolekhyuli ebangeni le-nanometer begodu zibe nendawo ekulu. Ngebanga lezakhiwo lezi, ama-MOF angasetjenziswa ekugcineni igesi, ukuhlukanisa, ukudonswa kwensimbi, ukukhuthaza, ukulethwa kwemithi, ukuhlanza amanzi, iinzwa, ama-electrode, amasefo, njll.
Amachaphaza we-quantum, ngakelinye ihlangothi, zizinto ezincani khulu (0.5–9 nm) ezinezinto ezibonakalako ezihambisana nemithetho yekhemistri ye-quantum kanye ne-quantum mechanics. Zibizwa ngokuthi "ama-athomu wokufakelwa nofana amamolekhyuli wokufakelwa" ngombana ichashazi ngalinye le-quantum linama-athomu nofana amamolekhyuli ayizinkulungwana ezimbalwa nofana ezimbalwa. Kulelibanga lobukhulu, amazinga wamandla wama-elektroni awasarageli phambili begodu ahlukana ngebanga lesenzo esibonakalako esaziwa ngokuthi mphumela wokuvaleleka kwe-quantum. Kulokhu, ubude begagasi lokukhanya okukhiqizwako buzokuya ngobukhulu bamachashaza we-quantum. Amachashaza we-quantum angasetjenziswa godu ekukhiqizeni ukukhanya okwenziwako ngebanga lamandla wawo wokuthatha ukukhanya okukhulu, ikghono lokukhiqiza ama-exciton amanengi kanye nendawo ekulu.
Kokubili ama-MOF nama-quantum dots enziwe ngaphasi kwe-Green Science Alliance. Ngaphambilini, basebenzise ngempumelelo izinto ezihlanganisiweko ze-MOF ukukhiqiza i-formic acid njengesikhuthazi esikhethekileko se-photosynthesis yokwenziwa. Nanyana kunjalo, ama-catalyst la asesimweni sepuyere begodu ama-catalyst la kufanele abuthelelwe ngokuhlunga kiyo yoke into. Ngalokho-ke, njengombana iinkambo lezi zingarageli phambili, kubudisi ukuzisebenzisa ekusetjenzisweni kwezebubulo.
Ukuphendula, uNom. Tetsuro Kajino, uNom. Hirohisa Iwabayashi, noDr. Ryohei Mori we-Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. basebenzise ithekhnoloji yabo ukuvimba ama-catalysts akhethekileko we-photosynthesis emaphepheni wezindwangu ezingabiziko begodu benza ikambiso etja yokukhiqiza i-formic acid. ezingasebenza ngokuragela phambili eensetjenzisweni ezisebenzako zebubulo. Ngemva kokuqedwa kokuphendula kokwenziwa kwelanga, amanzi ane-formic acid angakhutjhwa kobana akhutjhwe, begodu amanzi amatjha afretjhi angafakwa emuva esitjeni ukuragela phambili nokwenza iphothisithesi.
I-formic acid ingathatha indawo ye-hydrogen fuel. Esinye seenzathu ezikulu ezivimbela ukurhatjheka komphakathi we-hydrogen ephasini loke kukobana i-hydrogen yi-athomu encani khulu ephasini loke, njeke kubudisi ukuyigcina, begodu ukukhiqizwa kwethangi le-hydrogen elinomphumela omkhulu wokuvala kuzokubiza khulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, irhasi ye-hydrogen ingaba yingozi begodu ibe yingozi ekuphepheni. Njengoba i-formic acid iyinto ewuketshezi, kulula ukuyigcina njengesibaseli. Nakutlhogekako, i-formic acid ingasetjenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen endaweni. Ukungezelela, i-formic acid ingasetjenziswa njengesisetjenziswa samakhemikhali ahlukahlukeneko.
Nanyana ukusebenza kuhle kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa kusesephasi, i-Green Science Alliance izakuragela phambili nokulwela ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kuhle ukusungula ukusetjenziswa okusebenzako kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa.